#include <iostream>

using namespace::std;

void main(){
    char ch;
    

    int a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i,j,k,l,m,n,o,p,q,r,s,t,u,v,w,x,y,z,zero,one,two,three, four , five,six , seven, eight, nine;
    while ( cin.get(ch) )
        if ( ch == 'a'|| 'A' )     ++a;
        if ( ch == 'b'|| 'B' )     ++b;
        if ( ch == 'c'|| 'C' )     ++c;
        if ( ch == 'd'|| 'D' )     ++d;
        if ( ch == 'e'|| 'E' )     ++e;
        if ( ch == 'f'|| 'F' )     ++f;
        if ( ch == 'g'|| 'G' )     ++g;
        if ( ch == 'h'|| 'H' )     ++h;
                if ( ch == 'i'|| 'I' )     ++i;
        if ( ch == 'j'|| 'J' )     ++j;
        if ( ch == 'k'|| 'K' )     ++k;
        if ( ch == 'l'|| 'L' )     ++l;
        if ( ch == 'm'|| 'M' )     ++m;
        if ( ch == 'n'|| 'N' )     ++n;
        if ( ch == 'o'|| 'O' )     ++o;
        if ( ch == 'p'|| 'P' )     ++p;
        if ( ch == 'q'|| 'Q' )     ++q;
        if ( ch == 'r'|| 'R' )     ++r;
        if ( ch == 's'|| 'S' )     ++s;
        if ( ch == 't'|| 'T' )     ++t;
        if ( ch == 'u'|| 'U' )     ++u;
        if ( ch == 'v'|| 'V' )     ++v;
        if ( ch == 'w'|| 'W' )     ++w;
        if ( ch == 'x'|| 'X' )     ++x;
        if ( ch == 'y'|| 'Y' )     ++y;
        if ( ch == 'z'|| 'Z' )     ++z;
        if ( ch == '0')     ++zero;
        if ( ch == '1')     ++one;
        if ( ch == '2')     ++two;
        if ( ch == '3')     ++three;
        if ( ch == '4')     ++four;
        if ( ch == '5')     ++five;
        if ( ch == '6')     ++six;
        if ( ch == '7')     ++seven;
        if ( ch == '8')     ++eight;
        if ( ch == '9')     ++nine;
    
        
        cout<<a<<"a's were found. \n";
}

1.what i trying to do is to calculate elements from 32 to 126 in ASCII. i need to record down how frequent each element type by user. i know this not the right way to write it, but this is first idea since i look the question....

2.Y my "cout<<a<<"a's were found. \n";" not working?But when i put "{}" within the "while" and "if", then the answer come out but repeating the answer.

3.After done the coding above, i was thinking can we directly compare the input with the ASCII?  

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main () // i suggest you start using int main
            // ..I use int main, as it is always good
            // ..for your programs to return some useful value.
{
    char ch; // no need to initialize it because you will
             // .. enter a value to it with cin >> ch;
    
    int a = 0; // variables that are not initialized should be initialized

    cout << "Enter a number or a character (# to end) \n> ";
    cin >> ch;

    // while ch is not equal to '#' do the following
    while (ch != '#')
    {
        cout << "> ";
    
        if ( ch == 'a'|| ch == 'A' )     ++a;

        cin >> ch; // now that you are inside the loop you need another cin >> ch
    }
        
    cout << endl << a << " a's were found. \n\n"; // print the number of a's

    system ("PAUSE"); // freeze console screen to see values,
                      // ..not C++ standard but for example purposes
                      // ..it does the job

    return 0; // you need this if you use int main
              // it indicates that the program ended successfully
}