you can find the code for the some STL and the standard C libraries implementations on Koders.com. Note that these really are not implemented in a single iostream.cpp, rather broken up into lots of smaller files declaring and implementing classes and functions that are used within the code.
Some compilers actually come with the code and you may find them in a "src" directory under the compilers directory.
I really don't think you will get too much out of reading over the files right off the bat. They are actually pretty darn complicated because they are so general and platform independent. YOu can however find great tutorials on
extending the iostreams which is a great place to start learning about
how they work.
note that
Koders.com and
google code search is a fantastic resource. These search open source repositories. The problem can be actually FINDING anything useful. Since the code searches don't know anything about the code they point to. It is kind of an art to search for code.