Hard fast rules here...
1) Native C++ is faster and thus the preference for games because its memory handling and speed.
2) C# is becoming more widely used for gaming because of XNA which is the framework you would design for Xbox 360 and PC. But because its memory managed, it is a bit slower than C++.
3) In another twist you can develop in VC++ with XNA, but again because VC++ is managed it isn't quite as fast as native C++.
So if you are looking to design for the Xbox 360, XNA would probably be your choice so you can use C# or VC++. Whichever you are most comfortable with. But if you want to target a lot of different platforms then C++ might be the way to go. I have done a bit of XNA stuff through C# and liked it, but I don't do too much game development these days so it is up to you.
Java is growing as well for games, but I still don't see it making huge inroads to wide scale game development just yet. It is great for mobile devices and such, but as far as I know isn't something you can use for consoles easily if at all.
I guess you have to ask yourselves the type of audience you want to design for, the platforms you want to target, and your comfort with the various languages. At this point I would go with whatever you find most comfortable. Because once your game is done, you could always later port it over to other platforms.
Once you get these decisions hashed out, you will be well on your way to a good game start.
Hope this helps.
This post has been edited by Martyr2: 6 Jul, 2008 - 12:01 PM